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备考名词考点最可能忽略的6种信息

2020-10-16 07:26:41 浏览量:

  一、忽略暗示信息

  有的名词考题,如果单从空格来看,可能无法选择一个合适的答案,但如果综合观察整个句子,有可能在句中找到一个对做题具有重要意义的关键信息,这个信息会给考生一个重要暗示,提醒考生因为这个信息的存在,答案只能是其中的某一个,而不能是其他几个。如:

  1. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of ______ like coal, gas and oil. (2008天津卷)

  A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products

  答案为A。此题的关键信息是空格后的like coal, gas and oil,它暗示空格处应一个与coal(煤), gas(煤气), oil(石油)相关的词语,这个词显然只能是fuels(燃料),因为coal, gas, oil均属于fuel。

  2. You are always full of __________. Can you tell me the secret

  Taking plenty of exercise every day. (2007福建卷)

  A. power B. strength C. force D. energy

  答案为D。四个选项的意思分别是:power表示权力,strength表示力气,force表示力气武力,energy表示精力。此题在上下文有两个暗示:一是下文中的taking plenty of exercise every day(每天进行大量的锻炼)锻炼可以增强一个人的什么是权力还是力气或精力显然可以排除权力。那么到底是力气还是精力再来看看另一处暗示,那就是always full of,它的意思总是充满我们通常会说锻炼可以使一个人精力充沛,而不会说锻炼可以使一个总是充满力气。故选D最佳。

  二、忽略句意信息

  有的名词考题从表面上看是考查名词的辨析,但实际上是考查不同名词对特定句意的吻合性,即在给定的四个名词选项中,只有一个名词填入句中能使句意最通顺,最连贯,最合情理。如:

  1. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ______. (2008湖北卷)

  A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon

  答案为A。比较:atmosphere意为气氛;state意为状态;situation意为状况,处境;phenomenon意为现象。分别将四个词填入空格,显然只有A最合适,全句意为:两国高层领导正在友好的气氛中举行会谈。

  2. The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _______ in many parts of the city. (2007安徽卷)

  A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance

  答案为C。比较四个选项的意思:look意为看,sign意为叹气,sight意为视野景象,appearance意为出现露面。分别代入句中,显然只有sight最合适,a common sight的意思是一种常见的景象,全句意为:在这个城市的许多地方到处可见人们把衣服晒在街道上。

  三、忽略语气信息

  有些考题中的某一个词或词组可以表示某种特定的语气,而这种语气可能对做题具有至关重要的作用,同学们在做题时应引起充分注意。如:

  I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real ______. (2008山东卷)

  A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business

  答案为B。句中的only是一个体现语气的很重要的词,说话者在句中用了only 10 dollars(只用了10美元),表明他(她)认为这件衣服买得很便宜,所以答案应选bargain(便宜货)。又如:

  He has an eye for a bargain. 他识便宜货。

  This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. 这件夹克衫这么便宜,真划得来。

  四、忽略隐含信息

  有些考题的答题信息比较隐蔽,初看一眼很难发现,有时给考生一种无从下笔之感,此时需要大家分析句子的上下文,从中挖掘出隐含信息。如:

  1. Shall we go out for a walk (2008江西卷)

  Sorry. This is not the right ______ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.

  A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance

  答案为A。问句的意思是:我们出去散散步好吗虽然句中没有指明具体的时间,但根据问句的语境可推知,它暗示的应该是现在。所以,答语中的this一词指的应该是时间,而不是地点、机会或情况等。故答案选A。

  2. Of the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular __________ for a wedding in some countries. (2007浙江卷)

  A. way B. situation C. event D. choice

  答案为D。在哪一天举行婚礼最好是星期一还是星期二或是星期三说话者认为星期六是最受欢迎的。显然,说话者是在一周七天中选择了星期六,故用choice。

  五、忽略逻辑信息

  有的考题的选项设置与题干上下文的逻辑联系有关,考生在做题时应充分考虑到这种逻辑关系,使所选答案不仅符合语法,同时也符合逻辑。如:

  1. To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion Save Our ______ (2008安徽卷)

  A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices

  答案为D。句子的大意是:为了拯救一些即将被遗忘的人类语言,我校学生举行了一场拯救我们的_____的讨论。比较四个选项,只有voices最合适,因为从逻辑上看,语言(language)与声音(voice)联系最紧密。

  2. Put the ______ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound. (2006上海卷)

  A. tip B. top C. peak D. pole

  答案为A。本句的意思是告诉我们如何正确地发音。从逻辑(或常识)上看,我们只能把舌尖(the tip of ones tongue)抵住上齿龈,而不太可能把舌子的top(顶部)、peak(最高点)、pole(杆)等抵住上齿龈。

  六、忽略搭配信息

  综观所有的名词考题,有相当一部分都是在考查特定句式或短语中对特定名词的习惯搭配,同学们在复习时应引起注意和重视。如:

  1. Whats the ______ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while (2008福建卷)

  A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion

  答案为A。Whats the sense of是英语中的惯用句式,其意为有什么意义。又如:

  Whats the sense of doing that 为什么要做那件事呢

  How long must this go on Whats the sense of this 这种局势要持续多久呢 它有什么意义呢

  2. Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. (2008浙江卷)

  A. sense B. view C. means D. idea

  答案为A。sense of smell为固定搭配,其意为嗅觉,又如:

  The animals good sense of smell compensates for its poor eyesight. 这动物嗅觉灵敏弥补了视力之不足。

  3. I cant say which wine is bestits a(n) _______ of personal taste. (2007山东卷)

  A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety

  答案为C。its a matter of为英语惯用表达,其意为是一个问题。又如:

  Of course this must have priorityits a matter of life and death. 当然这一点必须优先考虑这是成败的关键。

  4. Despite such a big difference in _______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. (2007湖北卷)

  A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight

  答案为C。因为四个选项中只有attitude后可以接介词towards。又如:

  There was a certain coldness in her attitude towards me. 她对我的态度有点儿冷淡。

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