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含有情态动词的被动语态

2020-10-16 07:23:31 浏览量:

  

  We should plant many trees on the mountains.

  我们应该在山上种许多树。

  Many trees should be planted on the mountains.

  应该在山上种许多树。

  [第二关]构成关

  被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。人称、数和时态的变化通过助动词be的变化来体现(我们将在第9单元作详细介绍)。本单元学到的是,其结构为情态动词+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。如:

  Teenagers1 should be allowed3 to go out with their friends.

  应该允许青少年和朋友外出。

  [第三关]用法关

  1. 不知道或没有必要说出动作的执行者是谁或者大家都清楚动作的执行者是谁时,常用被动语态。如:

  The children should be allowed to go to the movies with friends on Friday nights.

  孩子们应当被允许星期五晚上和朋友们一起去看电影。

  2. 强调动作的承受者,而不是动作的执行者时,常用被动语态。如:

  Tables can be made4 of stone.

  桌子可由石头做成。

  [第四关]句式关

  变为否定句时,应在情态动词后面加not;变为一般疑问句时,应将情态动词移到句首。如:

  Waste5 paper should not be thrown here.

  废纸不应该扔在这里。

  Should it be done by Li Ming

  这件事应该是李明干吗

  [第五关]变法关

  含有情态动词的主动语态变为被动语态时,要把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语;主动语态中的谓语动词变为情态动词+助动词be+过去分词; 主动语态中的主语变为介词by 的宾语,放在句尾(如果不强调动作的执行者, by短语常可省略)。如:

  Parents should allow2 fourteen-year-olds to choose their own6 clothes..

  父母应该允许十四岁的少年选择他们自己的服装。

  Fourteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes (by parents)。

  扩展:each和every的区别是什么

  each与every都有每个的意思,但二者含义及语法功能不同,主要区别是:

  1. each既可用作形容词,又可用作代词,在句中可以作定语,主语、宾语、同位语、状语等。

  Each studen t has his own2 dictionary3 . (形容词,定语)

  Each has hi s good point . (代词,主语)

  Our head teacher had4 a ta lk with each of us . (代词,宾语)

  The students each h ave a desk . (代词,同位语)

  The children can have a b ag each . (副词,状语)

  2. each与every都可用作形容词,在句中作定语,但each更强调个人或个别,every更强调全体或全部。比较:

  I know each number of your family .

  I know every number of your f amily .

  3. each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的每个;every是指许多人或事物的全体,与all的意思相近。试译:

  这条街上每边都有很多商店。

  [误]There are ma ny shops on every side5 of the street .

  [正]There a re many shops on each side of the street .

  我给她父母每人 一件礼物。

  [误]I gave6 a present to every one of her par7 ents .

  [正]I gave a present to each of her parents .

  4. 指上下文提到过的确定数目中的每一个时,要用each;如果上下文没有提及时,不能用each,要用everyone等。试译:

  我认为这三个答案个个都正确。

  [误]I think ever1 y answer of the three is right .

  [正]I think each of the three answers is right .

  我看见人人都忙着工作。

  [误]I saw8 each was9 bu sy with his work .

  [正]I saw everyone was busy with his work .

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